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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(3): 269-274, May-June 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-546833

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To develop a reliable surgical model of acute hepatic failure and hyperammonemia in rats that avoids porto-systemic shunt and bile duct ligation, applicable to hepatic encephalopathy research. METHODS: The pedicles of right lateral and caudate lobes were exposed and clamped. One hour later, the animal was reopened, clamps were released and anterior subtotal hepatectomy (resection of median and left lateral lobes) was performed, comprising 75 percent of liver removal. Four hours after hepatectomy, blood samples and liver tissues were collected from ALF and control groups. RESULTS: Differences between ALF and control groups were significant for ALT, AST, total and direct bilirubin, sodium, potassium, alkaline phosphatasis, gamma-glutamyltransferase and most important, ammonia. Histologically, significant differences were noticed between groups. CONCLUSION: The model is useful for the study of specific aspects of ALF and the development of new therapeutic approaches.


OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo cirúrgico de IHA e hiperamonemia em ratos, que evita o shunt porto-sistêmico e a ligadura do ducto biliar, que seja aplicável à pesquisa de encefalopatia hepática. MÉTODOS: Após anestesia geral e laparotomia mediana, os pedículos dos lobos laterais direito e caudado foram isolados e clampeados. Após 1 hora, o animal foi reaberto, os clampes retirados e foi realizada hepatectomia anterior subtotal (ressecção dos lobos médio e lateral esquerdo), compreendendo a remoção de 75 por cento do parênquima. Quatro horas após a hepatectomia, amostras de sangue e tecido hepático foram coletadas nos grupos IHA e controle. RESULTADOS: Diferenças entre os grupos IHA e controle foram significativas para ALT, AST, bilirrubina total e direta, sódio, potássio, fosfatase alcalina, gama glutamiltransferase e principalmente amônia. Histologicamente, diferenças significativas foram observadas entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo é útil para o estudo de aspectos específicos da IHA e o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Hepatic Encephalopathy , Hepatectomy/methods , Hyperammonemia/surgery , Liver Failure, Acute/surgery , Ammonia/blood , Bilirubin/blood , Creatine/blood , Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology , Hyperammonemia/complications , Liver Failure, Acute/complications , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Potassium/blood , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Sodium/blood
2.
Clinics ; 65(3): 311-316, 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-544011

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effects of N-acetyl cysteine on the pancreas and kidney after pancreatic ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Pancreatic ischemia reperfusion was performed in Wistar rats for 1 hour. Revascularization was achieved followed by 4 h of reperfusion. A total of 24 animals were divided into four groups: Group 1: sham; Group 2: pancreatic ischemia reperfusion without treatment; Group 3: pancreatic ischemia reperfusion plus N-acetyl cysteine intravenously; and Group 4: pancreatic ischemia reperfusion plus N-acetyl cysteine per os. Blood and tissue samples were collected after reperfusion. RESULTS: There were significant differences in amylase levels between Group 1 (6.11±0.55) and Group 2 (10.30±0.50) [p=0.0002] as well as between Group 2 (10.30±0.50) and Group 4 (7.82±0.38) [p=0.003]; creatinine levels between Group 1 (0.52 ± 0.07) and Group 2 (0.77±0.18) [p=0.035] as well as between Group 2 (0.77±0.18) and Group 3 (0.48±0.13) [p=0.012]; and pancreatic tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels between Group 1 (1.27±0.96) and Group 2 (2.60±3.01) [p=0.026] as well as between Group 2 (2.60±3.01) and Group 4 (0.52±0.56) [p=0.002]. A decrease in pancreatic tissue GST-á3 gene expression was observed in Group 2 in comparison to Group 1 (p =0.006), and an increase was observed in Groups 3 and 4 when compared to Group 2 (p= 0.025 and p=0.010, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that N-acetyl cysteine has a beneficial effect on pancreatic ischemia reperfusion injury and renal function in a rat model.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Acetylcysteine/pharmacology , Kidney/drug effects , Pancreas/drug effects , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Glutathione Transferase/blood , Pancreas/blood supply , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/blood
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 24(1): 52-56, Jan.-Feb. 2009. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-503106

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon presents in events like liver resections and transplantation. The restoration of blood flow may leads to local and systemic injury. Several techniques have been developed in order to avoid or ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical situations. The application of a sttuter reperfusion after the ischemic event (postconditioning) could alters the hydrodynamics and stimulates endogenous mechanisms that attenuate the reperfusion injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effect of postconditioning in a model of ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS: Hepatic anterior pedicle of median and left anterolateral segments were exposed and clamped for 1 hour. Two hours later, clamp was released in two different ways: Control Group (n=7): clamp was release straightforward; Postconditioning Group (n=7): clamp was released intermittently. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and expression of the glutathione-s-transferase-α-3 gene were studied. RESULTS: Lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in ischemic and non-ischemic liver by postconditioning. GST- α3 gene was overexpressed in postconditioned group, but not significantly. CONCLUSION: Postconditioning induced hepatoprotection by reducing lipid peroxidation in the ischemic and non-ischemic liver.


OBJETIVO: A lesão de isquemia-reperfusão hepática é um fenômeno presente em eventos tais como ressecções hepáticas e transplante de fígado. A restauração do fluxo sangüíneo após a isquemia gera lesões locais e sistêmicas. Várias técnicas foram desenvolvidas com o objetivo de evitar ou diminuir a lesão de isquemia-reperfusão hepática em situações clínicas. A utilização da reperfusão intermitente após o evento isquêmico (pós-condicionamento) pode alterar a hidrodinâmica e estimular mecanismos endógenos que atenuam o dano da reperfusão. O presente estudo foi realizado para avaliar o potencial efeito protetor do pós-condicionamento em um modelo de isquemia-reperfusão em ratos. MÉTODOS: O pedículo dos lobos mediano e ântero-lateral foi isolado e clampeado por 1 hora. Após 2 horas, o pedículo foi liberado de duas maneiras diferentes: Grupo Controle (n=7): clampe liberado de uma só vez; Grupo Pós-condicionamento (n=7): clampe liberado de maneira intermitente. Malondialdeído (MDA) e expressão do gene GST- α3 foram estudadas nos grupos. RESULTADOS: A peroxidação lipídica foi significativamente diminuída no fígado isquêmico e no fígado não isquêmico pelo pós-condicionamento. A expressão do gene GST- α3 aumentou, porém não significativamente, no grupo pós-condicionamento. CONCLUSÃO: O pós-condicionamento induziu hepatoproteção pela redução da peroxidação lipídica nos fígados isquêmico e não isquêmico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ischemic Preconditioning , Ischemia/prevention & control , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Liver/blood supply , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Biomarkers/blood , Glutathione Transferase/blood , Glutathione Transferase/genetics , Isoenzymes/blood , Isoenzymes/genetics , Malondialdehyde/blood , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 23(4): 378-383, July-Aug. 2008. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-486176

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine whether rosiglitazone-enriched diet offer protection in a classical model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS: Two days before the experiment, rats were divided into 2 groups: Control Group (n=13) rats fed with standard diet; Rosi Group (n=13): rats fed with a powdered standard diet supplemented with rosiglitazone. The animals were submitted to liver ischemia-reperfusion by clamping the pedicle of median and left anterolateral lobes. After 1 hour of partial hepatic ischemia, the clamp was removed for reperfusion. After 2 or 24 hours (Control and Rosi Groups), blood was collected for enzymes and cytokines analysis. Ischemic and non-ischemic liver were collected for malondialdehyde analysis and histological assessment. Lungs were removed for tissue myeloperoxidase quantification. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between groups for all analysed parameters. CONCLUSION: In this model, rosiglitazone-enriched diet did not protect liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury.


OBJETIVO: Determinar se a dieta enriquecida com rosiglitazona oferece proteção em um modelo clássico de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão hepática em ratos. MÉTODOS: Dois dias antes do experimento, os ratos foram divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo Controle (n=13): ratos alimentados com dieta padrão; Grupo Rosi (n=13): ratos alimentados com dieta em pó padrão enriquecida com rosiglitazona. Os animais foram submetidos à isquemia e reperfusão hepática por clampeamento do pedículo dos lobos médio e anterolateral esquerdo. Após 1 hora de isquemia, o clampe foi removido para a reperfusão. Após 2 ou 24 horas (Grupos Controle e Rosi), o sangue foi coletado para análise de enzimas e citocinas. Os fígados isquêmico e não isquêmico foram coletados para análise de malondialdeído e avaliação histológica. Pulmões foram removidos para quantificação da mieloperoxidase tecidual. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre grupos em todos os parâmetros analisados. CONCLUSÃO: Nesse modelo, a dieta enriquecida com rosiglitazona não protegeu contra a lesão de isquemia e reperfusão hepática.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Dietary Supplements , Liver/blood supply , PPAR gamma/administration & dosage , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Thiazolidinediones/administration & dosage , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Cytokines/blood , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Liver/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/pathology
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